Ethical Leadership and How to Create a Positive Work Environment Essay

Leadership nowadays has encountered various problems. One of the most common one and which is contaminating the main business environment is that individuals at work are not engaging as they should. We have to ask ourselves, why is this happening and how can we prevent it? Dr. Charmine Hartel commented in the seminar that almost 20% of all the active workers in every organization do not work in favor of it. Instead they engage against the organization in various ways. This is a really big issue, because this means that there is something happening inside the organization and its leadership that is making these counter-productive acts. Recent researches that have been made show us that there are 3 different things that usually happens in the organization that get the workers to engage in a bad way their work as they should. * Work Environment * Negative Work Environment * Stress When the brain is under stress chemicals are released that weakens functions of the brain that gives us a higher level of structure (this is called the prefrontal cortex). When stressed, we are likely to engage inappropriate actions and lack the ability to regulate our emotions. With this in mind, we are encountering serious problems for the organization, because if these workers don’t have the use of their brain area they are not going to be able to engage the work they can and should do. Ethical Leadership The fruits of ethical leadership are Positive Work Environments, also known as PWE’s. PWEÂ ´s exists when the workers see their places as positive, respectful, inclusive and psychologically safe, and when leaders and coworkers are trustworthy and there exist an open diversity characterized in just policies and decision making. The entire above are needed to complete and get a PWE. PWE provides the set of emotional experiences necessary for human flourishing. We know that on average the positive emotional experiences outweigh the negative emotional ones. So, with this in mind, when you see your environment is safeyou have the ability to start being more creative and start being yourself. We should always keep in mind that an emotion is a response of the person when they have a particular event. They can have Destructive or constructive consequences. Organizations are responsible for the work environment they create. This is called the organization culture. When people and how the people interpreted the environment around their workplace. This is about how the organization context shapes the meaning and actions of its members. People management have the need to build resilience, diversity openness and be able to create a support to people trough change. There always exists the need to belong and to be valued for our uniqueness. Servant Leadership Many leadership approaches think about other things and focus their attention on what the followers need and develop things around them. Its an approach around the about the energy and direct it to the best place. With that in mind looking at the person as a whole being, not just as one more worker. One of the key things is that they can understand the core value of the workers and respect them as they deserve. There exist the emotion focus coping and problem focused coping they both have constructive and destructive emotions and impulses. The Giving Voice of Values (GVV) is designed to help individuals learn to recognize, clarify, speak and act on themselves when those conflicts arise. The focus is on how a manager raises this issues in an effective way.

Wendell berry, what are people for?

Wendell Berry’s essays â€Å"What Are People For? † and â€Å"The Work of Local Culture† both examine the farming profession, which has in recent years been demeaned as the rural population falls and large â€Å"agribusiness† replaces smaller family farms. Berry argues in both pieces that farming is not an outdated lifestyle, but a necessary profession. In â€Å"What Are People For? † Berry discusses the exodus from farm to city since World War II, attributing it to failures in agriculture.However, he disagrees with claims that failed farmers deserve their lot, or that the farm population has a large surplus; he comments that â€Å"It is apparently easy to say that there are too many farmers, if one is not a farmer† (123). Berry maintains that â€Å"our farmland no longer has enough caretakers† (124) and that the rural exodus has harmed both urban and rural America alike. Agribusiness has not only harmed small farmers but also the soil itself, and displaced rural people are not often absorbed into the urban economy.Berry sees farming as a necessary occupation, which is needed even more urgently in light of soil erosion and other damage done to fertile agricultural land. It is not simply a job or lifestyle, but a crucial stewardship of nature. Farming is a skill, and well-managed farms and healthy soil are proof; agribusiness’ reliance on machinery and destructive methods may be â€Å"modern† but ultimately counterproductive. What people are for, he implies, is to work and maintain the land.In â€Å"The Work of Local Culture,† Berry makes a more developed argument in favor of human stewardship of farmland and claims that a â€Å"good local culture† of farm people is required to perform this important work. He sees farmers not simply as a rural dweller, but as skilled professionals better able to manage agricultural land than big businesses, because they possess intimidate, detailed know ledge of the land, from the weather to its natural processes and its smallest attributes. Land is becoming rapidly despoiled, and only knowledgeable farmers can remedy this danger.â€Å"Practically speaking,† he writes, â€Å"human society has no work more important than this† (155). Farmers form the â€Å"local culture,† which he defines as â€Å"the history of the use of the place and the knowledge of how the place may be lived in and used† (166). It is based less on money than on community, shared knowledge and experiences, and rapidly vanishing skills of managing the land. The local culture can and must educate others in how to maintain and use fertile land, generate its own economy, and maintain its sense of community.Farming is more than a job, but also an important part of a rural way of life that is vanishing rapidly (and should not). Himself a farmer, Berry sees farming not simply in economic terms, but almost as an art or craft, requiring skills and attention to more than just economics. He does not pit city against country and argue for the latter’s superiority; instead, he sees their interdependence and spends relatively little time condemning urbanites.He also thinks rural dwellers are themselves partly to blame; they â€Å"connive in their own ruin . . . [and] allow their economic and social standards to be set by television and salesmen and outside experts† (157). Berry’s essays convey the importance of farming as a vocation devoted to caring for the land and providing a foundation upon which society is based. It involves more than simply growing food or raising livestock; it forms the foundation of rural communities and entails important skills required to keep land productive.In his view, agribusiness and modern economics are no substitute for the skills of a traditional farmer equipped with intimate knowledge of the land He does not disparage cities or modernity, preferring instead to firmly de fine and defend the agrarian way of life as the weakened foundation of American society – a foundation that urgently needs repair. Berry, Wendell. What Are People For? San Francisco: North Point Press, 1990.

Positive Guidance

Positive Guidance and Discipline In Classrooms There is a difference in guidance and discipline. Discipline involves teaching and learning. It also comes from the root word â€Å"disciple† which means a pupil, a follower, or a learner. Guidance is an attempt to change behavior by leading, directing, teaching, and advising. But the two have a connection. The main goal for guidance is self-discipline. Once a child achieves self- discipline, it will increase his or her ability to learn new social skills. They are also given more opportunities to practice those skills on their own rather than having an adult solve every problem or conflict that they have. Children and adults views on discipline are based on Past experiences, cultural values, lack of knowledge and current social values. Before we can guide children’s behavior, we must understand the child’s behavior. In my early childhood class we learned that there are two different types of guidance; direct guidance and indirect guidance. Direct guidance is verbal and physical techniques that are used to influence a child’s behavior. Some examples of direct guidance are redirection, distraction, positive reinforcement, encouraging, and limits. Direct guidance strategies will differ between age groups and even for individual children. Indirect Guidance is planning that influences the child’s behavior. Example of indirect guidance strategies are planning, observation, room arrangement, modeling, and age appropriate equipment and materials. Neither direct nor indirect guidance includes punishment. Most negative punishment is unnecessary. It causes pain most of the time and it puts fear in the child. The child will probably grow up being scared of you and that will damage the relationship forever and it would also block positive discipline. It makes the child resent the person who punished them. Punishment also tears away a child’s self-esteem and it offers no possible solutions or explanation to the problem. It makes a child feel like its ok to hurt someone you love. This may leads to problems like abuse, neglect and domestic violence when they grow older. Instead of punishing a child for something they do wrong, try to redirect and guide them on the right thing hat they should be doing. Explain to them in a nice voice that what they are doing is wrong. Tell them how to fix it instead of yelling or spanking. Maybe even a time out could be put into place but this should be used as a type of punishment either. It should be used for reflective purposes. When you send a child to time out they should go off to the side to think about what they did that was wrong. Short time ou ts seem to work best. They should be two to three minutes long. Many people see the quick result of punishment and think it is effective but it isn’t. As we learned in class it just buts a â€Å"band-aid† on it but it doesn’t fix the problem it just makes it worst. A reaction to punishment is anger. Most of the time children who are punished who to get even. They get even by hitting others. Most people who often get punished are often bullies. They feel as though mommy and daddy take their anger out on me so I’m going to take my anger out on someone that’s smaller than me. This creates a major problem in the classroom. They call other children names, ruin other people’s work and take their things. When you come across a student like this, as a teacher, you can’t punish him or her because it will cause even more damage. When mommy and daddy uses punishment at home they don’t have to deal with the results but the teacher has to at school. Punishment focuses attention on what not to do rather than what to do. That’s why when we made rules charts in class we used positive words instead of negative words like â€Å"no†. Instead of enforcing rules of what not to do, rules should tell children what to do. For example if you want the children to walk inside, you will say we walk inside. Rules should be simple so children can understand and must be positive. Rules prepare children for a successful living in the future. Having too few rules gives children make children think that they can do whatever they want to do. Sometimes it provokes them to do power struggles and test the limits even harder to get their parents or teacher to use their authority. On the other hand, a great number of rules or being a strict parenting creates an bad relationship between parent and child and fosters feelings of resentment and rejection, which lowers a child’s self-esteem. Besides, excessive control can provoke rebellion, not only toward the parents, but also against other authority figures. Although children may not like the rules, they deserve to receive explanations for limits and expected consequences for breaking the rules. When a child hears a negative statement like, â€Å"Don’t throw the sand out the sandbox ! † what the child really thinking is throw the sand out the sandbox, instead what you told them to do. If you do state a rule in the negative, like â€Å"No hitting! †, but an positive statement with it. In conclusion it is way better to use positive words and positive discipline rather than negative punishment. Punishment causes shame, blame and pain and no one wants that. It would both benefit you as the teacher or parent and the child. Negative discipline only puts a â€Å"band-aid† over the problem for short term results. The problem is not solved and eventually gets worst in most cases. Take the time out to talk to the child and redirect and guide young children behavior because it will teach them how to act and solve their problems on their own the next time.

Business Management ( Organizational Behavior ) Essay

Business Management ( Organizational Behavior ) - Essay Example I would show this trait to my boss by making myself indispensable in every difficult situation and by saying â€Å"It’s difficult but it will be taken care of† rather than â€Å"no it is impossible†. Vision: It is necessary that the leader should have the exposure, industry insight and knowledge of what other industry members are doing in similar situations in other parts of the world. This is required in order to be successful and keep the edge as compared to the competitors. For this purpose, I would visit all industry events including seminars, conferences, and exhibitions all over the world in order to keep myself updated and to be able to bring the new technology being practiced successfully in other countries to my organization. Role Model: In a leadership position, one should understand, that you should have personality traits including personal values, ethics and morals and a code of conduct that the other people in the organization and the publics outside the organization including vendors, shareholders, society and government officials not only find acceptable but also such that are desired in a person on the top. In other words, it’s not only your talent and work that matters but also your moral values and ethics that will win you a place at the top by inspiring others. To show this trait, I will strictly keep my religious views to myself, but understand the beliefs of everyone else and will avoid displaying controversial behavior in public including alcoholism, public demonstration of affection and irresponsibility especially in the office and at public areas. Networking: for any organization to be successful, it is necessary that the people leading it should have the necessary contacts and presence in the social and industry circles. To demonstrate this, I will have membership and an important role in industry or trade associations, network with the relevant Government

Animals in American History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Animals in American History - Essay Example Slideshow 4:2 contain a dog and horses coexisting with human beings. The picture demonstrates a democratic society where even animal rights are observed. The crowd seems to be busy with their own agenda and no one interferes with the freedom of the dog. Further, slideshow 4:3 demonstrates a free dog in the middle of a crowd. The picture is also an exclusive indication of a democratic society where animal rights are observed as those of humans. In the gilded age is characterized by championing the rights of children and animals in the society. The pictures in slideshow 7:33 of a child holding a horse statue, portrays the defenseless in the society. Children and animals needed protection from abuse in the eve of nineteenth century and in modern American society. In the slideshow 9:27, there is a police dog near a policeman inspecting a car. The presence of the dog in the picture resonates with safety claim of the car model. Dogs have been for a long period considered as a source of

The reflective letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The reflective letter - Essay Example The assignments you provided were a great basis of information which has enabled me to refer to when drafting my papers. By reading my peer’s papers I gained a lot of knowledge because of the many different topics under discussion. I realized that I am good peer responder than I thought. I am now able to find errors in the writings of other people. The peer responses I received enabled me to correct my papers as I took all the advice and used it to improve my paper. I get the feeling that my peers are my audience and their responses are helpful to me as I understand my paper. When I chose to write about breaking up with my childhood girlfriend it was difficult for me, but it also helped me psychologically as sharing of feelings reduces the emotional hurt. I have learnt to accept the break up and move on. I overcame a lot of emotional feelings to be able to write a paper that enabled me to understand the situation and also help my audience to understand. I used my personal information and researched information. I used my personal experience to break up the information. It was not easy to come up with a final draft paper as I had to write many drafts. Every draft had a new concept to my paper. Even my classmates wrote different drafts to come up with a final draft. This enabled us to combine our ideas and put them together. My research on the internet, library, and personal interview enabled me to understand what I really wanted for my paper.my focus was clear as I worked on every draft. My research was an eye opener to new information. The research helped me understand my break up and be able to integrate it to my audience. I realized that this class helped me to improve my writing skills. These skills will be of great help at present and in future. Although I am not a perfect writer I believe I am a descent writer. I am now able to approach any writing assignments with an open mind. Computer classes were very helpful to me. The chat room

Critically examine the contribution made by the trust to the following Essay

Critically examine the contribution made by the trust to the following areas of law Charities. (be aware if you chose this topic of the Charities Act 2006.) - Essay Example If ever a piece f legislation should have been an exemplar f parliamentary best practice it is this. There was the equivalent f a White Paper (a strategy unit report); this was then subject to extensive consultation before a Bill was considered by the Joint Scrutiny Committee f the Lords and Commons. The Government responded and issued an amended Bill that was discussed at length in the Lords. After the last election this Bill was reintroduced and subject to further scrutiny in the Lords and then the Commons. (Jobome 2006, 43-59) After all this do we have a magnificent piece f legislation Hardly. It is a useful technical Bill that introduces reforms, making the Charity Commission a body corporate with a larger board and an independent chairman; a charity tribunal to enable the commission's decisions to be more easily challenged; a range f innovations to facilitate greater accountability f charities; easing restrictions on mergers as well as updating old-fashioned constitutions and a long-overdue overhaul f the law relating to public charitable collections. The real innovation is the definition f charity. Since 1601 the meaning has developed through case law. Those established that charities have to relieve poverty, advance religion, advance education or other purposes beneficial to the community. This last category was a catch-all that allowed flexible development f the law. Hence it encompassed organisations concerned with health, the environment, human rights, the arts and a variety f other causes. This portmanteau has been unpicked and there are now 13 charitable purposes listed: the original four plus nine others, some f which, such as the advancement f amateur sport, are slightly different from the past. The big change was supposed to be about public benefit. For religious, poverty and educational charities it has been assumed that they delivered public benefit unless the contrary was proven. Hence this covered independent schools and hospitals and all religious groups from churches to sects. Only charities with purposes beneficial to the community had to prove that they delivered public benefit. The Act changes this. It requires all charities to demonstrate that they deliver public benefit. Yet having gone so far the Government bottled out. It refused to define what public benefit means. It has left it to the Charity Commission2 to do this, based on the existing case law. That case law is, to put it mildly, problematic. The leading case endorses the status quo, where a school or hospital can claim charitable status if it saves the taxpayer money or provides extra facilities unavailable in the state sector. The Charity Commission has announced that there will be public consultation about what public benefit means, and this will be guided by a group chaired by Professor Albert Weale3, f Essex University. This saga demonstrates the constitutional crises affecting the UK Parliament and, in particular, dilution f the doctrine f separation f powers by this and previous governments. Here is a key topic -public benefit -with wide social ramifications that the

Case 3.3 Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

3.3 - Case Study Example When taking history, it is important to record the accurate date of admission in the patient’s medical record. The admission date will help the nurse to calculate to calculate the patient length of stay at discharge or during the death of the patient. Calculating accurate length of stay for the patient will enable the accounting department to calculate the exact cost for patient stay in the hospital. Length of stay (LOS) is a period that covers the duration of a single episode of patient hospitalization. It is measured in days but not hours. It provides the hospital management with information on how quickly patients are being treated and discharged. This can give information on whether patients are being managed properly. To calculate LOS, the patient date of admission and discharge need to be tabulated. LOS is after that computed by subtracting the date of admission from the date of discharge or death. However, patients entering and leaving the hospital on the same day are given an LOS of one day. Proper keeping of records needs to be instituted in the hospital set up as it provides vital information on the patient’s progress. LOS of patient can help the hospital management to know how quickly the patients are being treated and discharged. This will further help to tell if patients are receiving a proper management for their

What Role does Bundle Sheaths Play in C4 Plants Essay

What Role does Bundle Sheaths Play in C4 Plants - Essay Example Bundle sheath cells are the major site of refixation of the CO2 and C4 acid decarboxylation. The mesophyll cells also concentrate the CO2 and send it to the bundle sheath cells. NADP-malic enzyme (NADP-ME) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK) are expressed in the bundle sheath cells of the C4 plants. They are the major enzymes responsible for the refixation of the CO2 from the C4 acid. (Nomura et al. 2005). In C4 leaves, each vein is surrounded by a ring of the bundle sheath cells surrounded again by the mesophyll cells. These bundle sheaths have the chloroplasts arranged centrifugally with the large starch granules and unstacked thylakoid membranes. In the bundle sheath cells ribulose-1,5-bis-phosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) enzyme accumulates extensively. The specific enzyme activity can be easily determined by using the non aqueous fractionation techniques and pulse labeling techniques. (Majeran et al. 2005).

Health Care and Pharmaceutical Industry Research Proposal

Health Care and Pharmaceutical Industry - Research Proposal Example Hence consolidation can be in the form of merger between two or more pharmaceutical companies, acquisition of one pharmaceutical company by another, merger or acquisition between a formulations company and a bulk drugs company terming which as vertical integration will be more appropriate. There can also be mergers or acquisitions between a health care industry and a pharmaceutical industry, a form of vertical integration. All these activities centre around one goal, that is consolidation. The generic meaning of consolidation is strengthening. Hence consolidation is for obviously strengthening of merging entities. The question this proposal however poses is who the beneficiaries of the consolidation are. The stakeholders in the consolidation process are shareholders of the company, its consumers, its suppliers, its customers, its employees, Government and environmentalists. Apart from them, behind the scenes are the consultants and the directors of the company who manipulate consolid ation. This proposal will undertake a detailed study as to who the real beneficiaries of consolidation are. This is the research question the proposed research will address for which purpose detailed literatures review will be undertaken. The very question presupposes existence of a problem of who actually the beneficiaries are in consolidations. There are bound to be vested interests beneath the surface and in the deliberate hostile takeovers. Problem viewed in this context, the research question gains significance as to whether consolidations are serving the interests of stakeholders or the vested interests which may be against public policy. The outcomes examined on case by case basis may be mixed. Therefore the study has to see the overall impact of consolidations in health care and pharmaceutical industry. To this extent, the issue is problematic and answer is not readily forthcoming without a deep research into the subject. Objectives of Research To examine the benefits of consolidations. To ascertain risks associated with the consolidations. To make a comparative study with consolidations in other industries and ascertain why pharmaceutical or health care sector is unique .and To arrive at a balanced view for future policy. PART 2: Literature Review This part of the paper is important in that literature review is part of the research methodology by which the researcher will examine data already available on the subject of study. In research parlance this is the secondary data through which the research questions raised in the study will be likely to be answered if the data so gathered is adequate. Generic drugs manufacturing companies were once poor relations of the pharma industry. But they have now grown and attained international stature via acquisitions. In 2006, the generic drugs' sales all over the world were $ 77 billion. (URCH) Shukla (2006) states that pharmaceutical companies across the world persuade their counterparts for consolidation with a view to benefit from their respective core competencies in various segments of R & D, manufacturing and unique marketing opportunities in a global setting. Pharmaceutical comp

Multiple Sclerosis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Multiple Sclerosis - Assignment Example The organization’s environment offers a friendly atmosphere, the shared value among all employees, which assists in easy assimilation of all levels of multiple sclerosis stages. The Jackson Center for Multiple Sclerosis has the assumption that all patients have the right to good health as upheld in the constitution. The behavioral character absorbed by the entire fraternity of employees assists their patients and families by offering openness from both parties, from the acquired information from the families and patients; offering education or furthering research is eased. This support offers a significant role in the lives of those living with multiple sclerosis and their families (Pakenham, 2007). The founders were catalyzed to this organizational culture from dissatisfaction from concern and existing services, losses encountered by patients and families in their lives’ prime resulting from multiple sclerosis. The Jackson Center for Multiple Sclerosis leads in the treatment and study of multiple sclerosis. The families a given a high priority by being offered the opportunities to share their multiple sclerosis experience with others who can identify and understand them (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2002). Gathering at this center upholds the organizational culture by ensuring a fun, positive and educational atmosphere; this is what makes it unique. The center enhances strategies to raise awareness of multiple sclerosis and bring acceptance within the society. The Jackson Center for Multiple Sclerosis organizations environment puts patients and their families first by offering individual appointments, support groups, care givers and family sessions. In conclusion, this makes the center an icon and pillar in establishing strategies underwritten in their organization culture, improving the lives of multiple sclerosis patients and their

Socrates The Afterlife Essay Example for Free

Socrates The Afterlife Essay Read selections from The Phaedo, available in this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. Focus on paragraphs 107 to 115a (pp. 437–444). Write a 350- to 700-word essay on the following: †¢Why does Socrates not fear death? †¢What are his views on death and the afterlife? †¢Do you agree or disagree with Socrates on this topic? †¢Using the Socratic method and The Good Thinker’s Tool Kit, formulate at least one question you would ask Socrates about his views on the afterlife. Socrates’ view of the afterlife is a little difficult to assess due to the fact that there are not actual written works by Socrates. The only works about him are by other people. Socrates view of death came up in a conversation when asked by Cebes about the poetry he was working on. The discussion starts with the question suicide. Socrates thesis was â€Å"the one aim of those who practice philosophy in the proper manner is to practice for dying and death†. He also defines death as the separation of body and soul. All this lead to Socrates conclusion about death which is, upon dying a philosopher is most likely to obtain the wisdom which he has been seeking his whole life. Socrates also had an interesting view of the afterlife. Since â€Å"being dead† and â€Å"being alive† are opposite states, and â€Å"dying† and â€Å"coming-to-life† are the two opposite processes between these states, coming-to-life must balance out dying. Socrates also recalled an ancient theory basis just as the souls of the dead in the underworld come from those living in this world; the living souls come back from those of the dead. He concluded that everything that dies must come back to life again. Socrates made a strong argument with valid points that cannot be dismissed. If the two opposite processes did not balance each other out, everything would eventually be in the same state: for example, if increase did not balance out decrease, everything would keep becoming smaller and smaller. Another prime example of this is the Yin and Yang which is a Chinese philosophy and culture which based its principle in that all things exist as inseparable and contradictory opposite, for example female-male, dark-light.

Becoming an Effective Leader

Becoming an Effective Leader After serving in the Navy for 20 years, I can honestly say that being a manager does not make you a leader. For me, there is a big difference. An effective leader is someone who can motivate people to do things that they would not normally do by themselves. Furthermore, what makes a leader great is their ability to bring out the best in people no matter what the situation may be. After watching the movie, 12 Angry Men, I will present to you in this essay how different leadership styles displayed by three prominent jurors were both ethical and unethical. Additionally, I will show how the consequences of these leadership styles affected the other people in the room regarding the guilt or innocence of a young man and conclude with what can be learned about leadership from these very men. To be an effective leader, it must start from within oneself. Hence, to be an ethical leader, one must be an ethical person first. By combining this class to what I already knew about being a leader, it strengthened my values and my conviction of effective leadership, and that is allowing your people to grow and be successful. Leadership is not about my way or the highway, that is a dictatorship. Leadership is about valuing you people and seeking their contributions. In the movie, this was not the case with jurors #3 #10, which demonstrated the most unethical leadership style for that situation, the authoritarian. Although there are times when authoritarian is needed and will work, in a jury deliberation is not one of them. These men had one goal, and that was to impose their beliefs and convictions upon others in the room, especially the jurors who were easily manipulated. These two men allowed their biased views to prevent them from doing their civic duty which leads to their attempt to indoctrinate the other jurors into thinking like them; they refused to listen to reason or consider any reasonable doubt presented by the other jurors. In chapter eight, Bowie wrote about this unethical leadership style and how Burns rejects what #3 and #10 were doing to the followers in the room. Bowie writes, [Burns] rejection of the indoctrination shows that he respects the autonomy of the followers, (Bowie pg.142) whereas #3 #10 do not. When it comes to pe ople in any situation, self-worth and self-respect are vital to ones autonomy and should be respected by other people. In the movie, juror #3 #10 routinely use unethical authoritarian leadership to prevent other jurors from having any capacity to decide for themselves. By doing so, it gives way to Fonda and his ethical leadership style. To be an effective leader, one must influence followers to work towards a common goal regardless if it is a company, a sports team, or a murder trial. In my experience, how this is achieved is through empowerment of your people. By doing so, you create an ethical environment that allows the people to grow both professionally and personally because they feel that they are part of the team. When it comes to human nature, everyone wants to belong and feel important in some way, that is why you praise in public and reprimand in private. When you value the opinions of people, it creates a high degree of respect within the group that brings out the best in people. That is why Henry Fonda was such a great ethical leader. He sat quietly and listened while observing how the others acted and what they said. By sitting quietly, Fonda noticed that only three people were doing most of the talking and how they were trying to persuade the other jurors. In Fondas case, he brought forth a different p erspective, one that was unbiased. In fact, he repeatedly stated that he has no idea if the boy was guilty or innocent, but it was his social responsibility to ask questions to determine that answer. He was not going to allow other individuals to persuade him or his ethical beliefs.ÂÂ   In fact, when he asked the other jurors, who felt pressured by the authoritarian group what they thought, he was demonstrating effective leadership. By valuing their opinion, he empowered them to open up and provide their perspective, and by doing so, he made them feel important which in turn made them more willing to contribute. For example, Juror #9, Joe Sweeney is the one that provided critical information, the eyeglasses, that no one had ever thought as being relevant or important, turned out to be the key to finding the boy innocent. If it were not for Fondas ethical leadership and belief in autonomy, Juror #9 might not have spoken up like he did. Fonda use of transformational leadership he lped the other men look at the case from a perspective of serving justice by appealing to their higher values. His goal was simple, bring everyone onboard so they could deliberate through participation. By doing so, he explains that the jury should have some form of human dignity and use rational moral decision making to collaborate to determine the boys fate. By doing so, he empowers the weaker jurors to voice their opinion. In regards to the consequences of the two leadership styles, Fondas ethical leadership style inspired others to stand up for what was right and not give in to the pressure of others. For me, the one juror that was most inspired by Fonda was George Voskovec, juror #11. When Voskovec finally had enough, he began to stand up against the authoritarian figures because some were not taking this deliberation serious, telling them that it is our civic duty and social responsibility to listen to all the facts and give a fair verdict, not one based on biased prejudice. Fondas inspiration ignited a flame within Voskovec, and that erupted into an inferno that eventually spread throughout the room and gave the men an ability to perceive ethical truths during a chaotic experience. However, this was not the case for jurors #3, and #10, their unethical authoritarian leadership style and outright bigoted views that were once unchallenged by most of the group were eventually smothered like a cigarette . The once calm and timid jurors that were easy prey for the authoritarian leadership at the beginning of the film could not be pushed around anymore and turned their backs on juror #10 and left him cowering in the corner like a scared little boy. When it comes to this movie and what we can learn about leadership and ethics, it is simply, understanding the leader and follower relationship that exists between these two entities. Henry Fondas character showed us that transformational leadership is an excellent example of combining leadership and ethics because it holds people they lead to a higher standard and expects more from them. By being an ethical leader, you inspire people to do great things even when they do not think they are capable, and in doing so, these subordinates become leaders themselves who learn to share information and ideas. Additionally, this movie shows us that leaders do not have all the answers, such as the case with the glasses. This evidence did not originate from Fonda; it took someone else to bring up the information. What this shows is the more ideas introduced into a situation through group discussion leads to a better decision-making process. For this to happen, it takes an ethical leader to allow other people to provide their perspective. By doing so, people feel empowered and valued. Finally, the movie shows us that to be an ethical leader your intentions must be ethical in nature when you allow your biased views to dictate your actions and beliefs you end up with leaders like juror # 3 and # 10. Work Cited Bowie, N and Werhane, P. (2005). Management Ethics. Oxnard: Blackwell Publishing

Surrealism in Art and Photography

Surrealism in Art and Photography A fundamental problem for fine art photographers is to distinguish themselves from this morras of photographic folklore, somehow to separate themselves from all these common men who know how to make pictures with cameras, and to convince us all that what they do is special. (Christopherson, 1974) The aim of this rationale is to situate my professional practice within the historical and theoretical contexts explored during my university studies. This essay will deal with establishing the fact that fashion photography does not have to be just about fashion by emphasizing the art in my pieces and consequently creating fine art photography. The first part of this analysis will examine the nature of photography which has become the medium of my practice. Second part consists of consequent research on fashion photography and sequent analysis and discussion. In order to link it with art, the background of Surrealism will be briefly outlined. The final analysis will consider key features of my practice. Can be a  fashion photography considered as a  true art form? What theories, quotations or articles are in agreement with this subject matter? What are characteristics of art photography? Research has shown that photography was born in eighteen thirty nine and is regarded as everyday medium that communicates concept visually. Roland Barthes (1980) defined photograph as aid which help us to be informed about the world. Furthermore, one should not forget the Susan Sontags theory take pictures as you travel what suggests that collecting the photographs means collecting the world. (Susan Sonntag, 1977) Charles Baudelaire (1859) suggests that photography depict the stupidity of masses, whereas P.H. Emerson claimed that photography was an independent and potentially great art from capable of expressing thoughts and emotions beyond the scope of the other and older art forms. (P.H. Emerson, 1975) In agreement with Emerson, this contemporary medium embodies the way of expressing ideas, expressing myself within my practice. Photography is more than a medium for factual communication of ideas. It is a creative art . (Ansell Adams, 1952) The question whether photography can be considered as an art has been discussed especially in sixties and seventies. It has been found out that in nineteen sixty eight was born the relationship between photography and art. In a Grundergs opinion, it has all started when photographers regarded photography as an art form and simultaneously artists have accepted camera in their practice. (Grundberg, 1987) On the one hand, there were artists who thought that camera is repressing imagination. On the other hand, some of them believe photograph is purely metaphoric. In agreement with the second statement, it has been found out that photographs symbolize the metaphor for artists experience. In other words, it serves the purpose of visualizing artists ideas. In a view of these facts, it is quite likely that if the art is about self-expression than the photograph which is used for expressing emotions, ideas or attitudes, must be regarded as an art form. The first person in history who wrote about photography as art was P.H. Emerson , British photographer and writer. He preferred aesthetic and emotional side of the image rather than the subject. Perhaps we should point out the fact that between nineteen seventy and nineteen ninety photographs has been equipollent with other contemporary arts. Which art movement has affected the development of a photograph and is also significant within my practice? It has been Surrealism, art movement that came into being in nineteen twenty four in Paris with leader Andre Breton. It may be true that surrealist group was the most controversial but on the other hand their expressions were positive and optimistic. To explore the voice of their inner selves, they focus on imagination, mysticism, dreams and mediation. This unreal art movement and photograph as a medium of realism seem to be totally different. Man Ray, American artist who has been considered as representative surrealist photographer had been interested in photography because of personal development. His theory which suggests that photography emphasizes visual sphere between forms is could be in agreement with considering photography as art form. He has also contributed by invention of photographic technique of solarisation. Although it may be true that Surrealism has had impact on a photograph, the most crucial point made so far is that it has significantly inspirited the development and nature of fashion photography. It would be unfair not to mention the fact that Man Rays surreal photographs breathed new life into fashion photography. What is the nature of fashion photography and what is its connection with art? History of fash ion is connected with photos by Baron Adolph de Meyer who published them in nineteen nine for magazine Vogue; however the relationship between art and fashion is recognized from renaissance. Anne Hollander (1994) claimed that fashion is art because it is capable of creating complete figural images psychologically real and modern. She also states that as artists turn to fashion, cloth designer turn to the fine art in order to explore the connection between fine and applied art, a sense of pure form and a sense of design to use. In a book entitled  ´Fashion Theory ´, Rosetta Brookes makes the point that You could say a painting is designed to go on the wall, but if it was made as fresco, where it was part of the wall, would you say it was not art because it was practical? (Rosetta Brookes, 1992) The question whether fashion can be consider as art is questionable and criticised, however these arguments seem to confirm that idea. Fashion does not have to be something people wear, fa shion is also an image. (Viktor and Rolf, 1999) Some critics suggest that fashion photography is just about depicting garments or models without any context behind it. It is questionable whether all kinds of fashion photographs are the same, or if there are artists whose images are portraying art with strong artistic context behind it. In this case it is important to highlight and analyse work of surrealist fashion photographers and related theories of critics. Rosetta Brookes (1992) has stated that fashion photographers have to capture the moment where the real world reproduced itself. She wrote on fashion photographer Helmut Newton that his fashion images are embodied in the dualism o the world itself. Judith Clarke (1998) discussed work of surrealist fashion photographer Erwin Blumenfeld who obviously removed fashion photograph from commercial form to its origins art. To support mentioned arguments it is worth stating that Metaphor and meaning of fashion were at the heart of surrealist visual language. (Richard Martin, 1987) It has also been found out that fashion represents for surrealist escape from ordinary to extraordinary. The radical change within fashion photography happened when Adolf de Meyer add shimmer into his images which embodied artistic photographs. This approach has removed the presentation of garment. Consequently it has evoked expressing of emotions. Martin Mukacsi (1933), Hungarian photographer who has transformed the course of fashion photograph when he blurred his photograph. The aim of photograph was to influence woman and let her apply it on her life. According to Roland Barthes (1983), three fashion styles exist. While the first one is objective, second one is more romantic with dream-like elements. The last one is represented as caricature. In agreement with Barthes, all of these specific fashion styles signified unreal. On reflection, it seems more accurate to say that there are lots of facts and theories underpinning the subject matter. The fact, that photograph is medium appro priate for expressing ideas and that for artists influenced by surrealism it embodies the escape from reality, is important statement not only for the subject matter but also for my professional practice. What are the features of Surrealism and other key aspects which are essential within the context of my work? The first thing that needs to be said is work of surrealists consist of dream-like elements. Additionally, the lecture on psychoanalysis let me to research Sigmund Freud and subsequently his book Interpretation of Dreams. In this book he suggests that all dreams derive from our experience and that is the reason why they are reproduced in our dreams. He is also describing the connection between content of dreams and waking life where he suggests that waking thoughts appear in dreams only when they are pushed to one side by thinking activity of the day. (Sigmund Freud, 1913) It is important to add that elements of dream-like representations are abounding in paintings of David Schell. Within my practice, there has been noticeable interest in interpretation of dreams in general. To illustrate this point, here are some examples of dream quotations that have inspirited my creating. There is nothing like a dream to create the future. (Victor Hugo, 1802-1885) To accomplish great things, we must not only act, but also dream: not only plan, but also believe. (Anatole France, 1884-1924) You may say Im a dreamer, but Im not the only one, I hope someday you will join us, and the world will live as one. (John Lennon, 1940-1980) Another characteristic feature of surrealistic movement is unreal fantasy world. At this point is necessary to emphasize the influence of theorist Jean Baudrillard and his book called Simulacra and Simulations. Basically, he negates the reality as we usually understand it and suggest that world we live in have been replaced by simulations of the real-a copy world. According to Baudrillard, the false reality of Disneyland is presented as imaginary to make people believe all surroundings are real. The best example to understand the theory is watching the news on television of two people having an accident. He states that experience of the man and woman who were directly involved with the affair are the only ones to experience the reality and to anyone else it is just simulation. (Jean Baudrillard, 1981) Inspirited by his theory, the subject of my work is to create the hyper real world for viewers while acting in my photograph experiencing the real world. In other words, the subject of my work which may not be noticeable is to take the viewer beyond reality. The argument being put forward here is similar to quote of Bert P. Krages (2005) Knowing abut your subject is useful even if that knowledge does not seem to relate directly to the visual aspects of what you are trying to photograph. It worth stating at this point that there is another aspect of my work emerging. It is a well-known fact that the woman as an object has been representing by many artists, especially surrealist s and fashion photographers. Women embodied muse for artists as Man Ray or Edgar Degas. Research has shown that Edgar Degas was French impressionist who is celebrated as the master of drawing the human figure in motion. His favourite theme was women who were captured in their activities. Man Ray also found his motivation in women and is best-known for his avant-garde photography. His images provide the viewer far more differences than similarities of original model. Besides these artists it is essential to mention the influence of lecture called Human Body in Painting and Photograph where this subject has been discussed and analysed. After two years of creating, this subject matter within my practice has been transformed into performance. Performance art came into being in nineteen sixty in United States and has been representing visual artists. By nineteen seventy it was already acknowledged as global term and regarded as art. There is plenty of performance artists therefore it is compulsory to focus on artist with the greatest impact. It has been Marina Abramovic who is regarded as grandmother of performance and also Jemima Stehli who creates self-portraits by using a mirror. However, the most influential artist in addition to this topic is Cindy Sherman. Her personality has had important impact on photography as well as on my own self-directed practice. Her personality is celebrated as one of the most influential and respected American photographers in the twentieth century. Using designer cloths she was trying to point out contemporary problems of modern age and investigate ideas and images of female in media, society and nature of the conception of art. Andrew Sargus Klein (2006) claimed that Sherman endeavour to erase the notion of the voyeuristic photographer- instead, the observer is the viewer. Although some critics believe that her images are just self-portraits, however her quotation is in disagreement with this statement I am trying to make other people recognize something of themselves rather than me. (Cindy Sherman, 1982) Patty Chang (2000) states that performance art and photography are opposites, but both define a non-ordinary space by establishing parameters on it- a space that depends on the observer to make it come alive. To conclude this part, it is myself performing in my photographs. The aim is not to present myself, but to present my ideas through photographic medium. The performance feature provides me the sense of freedom in what I do and what I want to depict. It symbolizes the pure pleasure of playing, acting by using my body as non-commercial silhouette. The purpose of the performance element is to express myself, my ideas and be the one who is manipulating the viewer and who is trying to communicate with audience. However, influenced by Cindy Shermans thinking, the endeavour of my work is not to recognize something about myself, but to let people discover something about them. Not only has performance art originated in nineteen sixty, but also Psychedelic art. It is undeniable that hallucinations, illusions and imagination illustrate key features of surrealists. Edmund Critchley (1987) suggests that hallucinations are obvious in psychical illnesses but can also be experienced by normal people and became source of inspiration for art. It is generally known that Salvador Dali, the most surrealist from other surrealists, has applied in his art making hallucinatory features what caused the fact that his art was difficult to understand. Not only hallucinatory features are important for my practice, but also illusions and imagination. According to Edmund Critchely (1987) illusions, the conscious and unconscious of the form of stimuli provide much of unexpected in art. An alternative approach might be quotation of Sigmund Freud (1927) Illusions commented themselves to us because they save us pain and allow us enjoy pleasure instead. We must therefore accept it without complaint when they sometimes collide with a bit of reality against which they are dashed to pieces. Apart from hallucinations and illusions, imagination is also important within the subject matter and my practice. It is a well-known fact that surrealists style uses visual imagery from subconscious mind to create art without the intention of logical compre hensibility. An alternative explanation might be that they have rather used their imagination. We would even go so far as to say that Albert Einsteins (1879-1955) quotation Logic will get you from A to B. Imagination will take you everywhere- in other words, imagination is more important than knowledge- is in agreement with this argument. To sum up information stated above, the purpose of using hallucinatory feature and illusions is simple- the aim is to offer a pleasure to viewer and experience something scrupulously honest. As mentioned above, psychedelic art came into being in nineteen sixty and represents attitudes of underground sub-culture. Steven Heller (2010) claimed that psychedelic art â‚ ¬Ã‚ ¦was language used as a code for a revolutionary generation. The features of this art are mainly bright vivid colours and surreal sense which have been manifested within art, fashion and music. The most essential fact contextualizing my practice is using contrasting beautiful colou rs for purpose of transporting the viewer into fantasy world. In addition to colours, colour theory and specific psychological meaning of single colour. It has been found out that colour is sensed by eye, however the perception of it takes place in mind and it serves sense of illusion and distance. By using different shades and tones at different images, the purpose of the colour is to evoke emotion while looking at piece of work. Therefore I agree with quotation of Pablo Picasso (1881-1973) Colours, like features, follow the changes of the emotions. Which other features are significant for surrealistic creating? In addition to illusion, it has been found out that many surrealist but also fashion photographers have used mirrors or mirror effects in order to mystify the viewer. My early influence originated from pieces of Gilbert and George, contemporary controversial artists. The effect of mirroring is result of digital manipulation of the image. Works of the most contemporary fashi on photographer, David LaChapelle has astonished me because of undetectable manipulation. He is also applying surreal feature and narrative within his creating. However, the digital manipulation is not the only aspect within existing process of my works. Firstly, there is a need of finding a place which seems appropriate and first of all, interesting. Most of the time, damaged and messy localities are investigating in order to use their complex composition when creating unreal world and transforming them into fantasy landscape. Important fact to highlight is that the place is never staged; however it is always in its natural-found condition. Secondly, the appropriate dress, accessories, entire appearance, pose and mood have to be chosen. Finally, there is another aspect of composing the eventual shoot and also managing the right angels and camera settings. With the help of tripod or an assistant is the picture taken and consequently edited. Although the picture is taken, it is not t he end of a process at all. Certainly, it can be said that my work is process based. The other side of the coin is, however, that it can also be argued that it is based on digital manipulation of an image. Nevertheless, the manipulation consists of changing colours slightly and sometimes it consists of the use of mirror effect. These arguments suggest that the work is processed based where the digital manipulation of image is becoming a part of the process.

PIE CHART - Data Visualization for Businesses Essay examples -- essays

Pie Chart Data Visualization for Businesses A picture is worth a thousand words. The ability to graphically represent your business data gives you the power to make informed business decisions quickly. (Microsoft.com, 2002) This representation must be visually appealing and easy to understand. By keeping it simple, it allows the broadest number of users to interpret the data, gain insights as to its meaning and facilitate communication on the data ultimately to solve the company ¡Ã‚ ¦s problem. Data visualization is the use of interactive, sensory representations, typically visual, of abstract data to reinforce cognition. (Wikipedia.org, 2005) That in itself is a method or technique of decision-making. To further break it down, the most popular and widely used tool of data visualization is the Pie Chart. There are two types of pie charts. The first type is your standard Pie Chart and the second is the Exploded Pie Chart. The standard pie chart shows parts and their relationship to the whole. Pie charts are always based on a circle, since the circle provides a true visual concept of the whole hundred percent. The parts or  ¡Ã‚ §pies ¡Ã‚ ¨ of the chart represent percentages of the whole. The Exploded Pie Chart is nearly identical to the standard with the exception that one  ¡Ã‚ §pie ¡Ã‚ ¨ is visually separated from the rest for emphasis. Pie charts are created with the help of a compass, protractor, circle stencil, can or jar and a ruler for drawing in the segmented pies. A pie chart should alwa...

Entrepreneur Essay -- Entrepreneurial Theories

The analytical framework above reveals the personality attributes that make an individual become an entrepreneur and the attributes are illustrated from conception to the end process. It is made up of a combination of entrepreneurial theories that allude to the psychological traits of an individual. A variety of entrepreneurial theories will be used to explain the framework. Conception of the personality attribute of an entrepreneur is the will to establish a kingdom, followed by the need for achievement, then internal locus of control closely followed by non-conformist and finally the culmination of all the personality attributes lead to an entrepreneur. According to Goss (2005), Joseph Schumpeter suggested that one of the psychological traits of an entrepreneur is the ‘will to establish a private kingdom’. This is not only a personality attribute but it is a form of entrepreneurial motivation that can be found in entrepreneurs and individuals who might become entrepreneurs. In the framework above, it is highlighted as the first stage of one of many personality traits attributed to entrepreneurs. Goss (2005) argued that Schumpeter’s entrepreneurial motivation with regards to the will to establish a private kingdom’ is focused on an individual gaining and losing social status i.e. the motive is one gains power which protects one from the feelings of shame. Goss (2005) views Schumpeter’s three entrepreneurial motives from a sociological prism and not a psychological one. After much examination of Schumpeter’s writings, Goss (2005) arrived at the conclusion that social interaction and emotions are key variables in entrepreneurial actions. Also, Barnes (2000) views the motives from a sociological prism and argues otherwise that ... ...personal resources. Kets De Vries (1977) argues that entrepreneurs are ‘anxious individuals, who are non-conformist, poorly organised and not a stranger to self-destructive behaviour’. The attribute of non-conformist can be applied to Victoria yet the characteristics of poor organisation or self-destructive behaviour cannot be applied to Victoria as she does not portray these personalities. Although Victoria reveals she has an inner direction with self-reliance, she does not neglect interpersonal relations with her family, work colleagues and clients. Overall, the dream to establish a private kingdom, a high need for achievement, internal locus of control and non-conformist behaviour all contribute towards the personality attributes of an entrepreneur. In conclusion, entrepreneurs need to possess a high need for achievement and a high internal locus of control.

Essay on the Devil in Paradise Lost, Holy Bible, Faust, and Devil and T

The Devil’s Role in Paradise Lost,   The Bible,   Faust, and  The Devil and Tom Walker  Ã‚   The devil's role as the inspiration for rock-and-roll is already well documented and commonly understood. Perhaps less well documented is the role of the Devil as inspiration for literature. The Devil has played an active role in literature for quite a while with his name appearing in stories for centuries. The historical devil has not always been personified. Initially, in religious settings, he was represented as a feeling or power, in attendance as the force of evil, an antagonist to goodness and divinity, and temptation for humans. Although not always represented as human, he has always been represented. In fact, demonstrating that he has always been an uneraseable threatening force, early religious accounts show that his existence actually "precedes the worship of a benign and morally good Deity."1 Much later, certainly by the time of the blues of the 1920s and 1930s, songwriters were repeating the tradition of representing the devil as a person. Perhaps the most famous example is Robert Johnson's "Cross Road Blues," in which the singer describes a dangerous meeting with the devil while hitchhiking. In southern literature, Flannery O'Connor drew from Poe and Hawthorne to illustrate this, as well.2 A few centuries of literary evolution have not only reconfigured the devil, they have shifted the site of his battles from the heavens to the earth. Essentially, his battles changed arenas three times.3 First, the devil battled God in their once-shared home -- the arena of Heaven. After this falling out, the devil and God competed for the hearts of men in parables, as in the story of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden. The third, mo... ... Rudwin, p. xi: "[W]hen Satan was asked to explain the cause of God's enmity...he replied: 'I wanted to be an author.'" 16 Carus, p. 407. 17 Russell, p. 12. 18 Revard, Stella Purce, The War in Heaven (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1980), p. 234. 19 Levine, p. 403. 20 Saxon, Lyle and Robert Tallant, Gumbo Ya-Ya (Gretna, LA: Pelican Publishing, 1987), p. 80. 21 Irving, in Rudwin, p. 31. 22 Werblowski, p. 96. 23 Caballero, in Rudwin, p. 154. 24 Caballero, in Rudwin, p. 161. 25 Werblowski, p. 219. 26 Baudelaire, Charles Pierre, in Rudwin, p. 222. 27 Thackeray, William Makepeace, in Rudwin, p. 79. 28 Poe, p. 482 29 Caballero, in Rudwin, p. 157. 30 Carus, pp. 407. 31 Carus, p. 7. Also, "...there seems to be no exception to the rule that fear is always the first incentive to religious worship." Carus, p. 6. 32 Russell, p. 12. 33 Rudwin, p. xi.

Point of sale and inventory documentation Essay

Point of Sale and Inventory System is a process wherein the business could monitor the movements of the products as well as the sales transactions. It is important for the company to take account inventory of the products as well as the sales. Inventory refers total amount of goods and/or materials contained in a store at any or factory at any given time (Inventory, 2011) Even though technology is available, still many companies use manual system. Operating manual inventory is a time-consuming task, lots of paper works and slow date processing (Hamlet, 2011). It also problematic in terms of communication streams. Each update or removal from the inventory must be updated daily (Cruz, 2010). Manual sales and inventory process was prone to errors that required time to rectify discrepancies (â€Å"Inventory†, nd.). Since manual inventory consumes a lot of time and is susceptible to errors, it would be helpful to build a system that will automate the transactions from acquisition of the product description to updating the inventory database. Work efficiency of employees is defined as how productive they are in their work (â€Å"Inventory†, nd.). The causes of the discrepancies in the records are many, and some of the commonly observed ones are: stock loss; transaction error, inaccessible inventory, and incorrect product identification. Stock loss, also known as shrinkage in industry, includes all forms of loss of the products available for sale. One common example is theft, which can be committed by both shoppers (external theft) and employees (internal theft). With these problems of manual inventory system, businesses emerged with computerized Point of Sales and Inventory System. It tracks purchases and sale transactions thought an organization. Point of Sale and Inventory System is a tool used by retail businesses such as stores, supermarkets, and restaurants. It can register the purchase and keep track of inventory. It also records information on the purchase including time and store location. It also manages the sales of retail goods. It makes a business much more efficient, lowering the costs of running the business while improving customer service and making the business more pleasant to work in (Smith &  Harris, 2011) According to Hendeson (2011), that effective tracking of inventory is an imperative component to a small business successful operation. By having up-to-date data regarding all needed stocks for sale, the organization will drastically increase its bottom line. The amount of time that can be saved by the company is the biggest benefits of using a computerized point of sale and inventory system. Another benefit of a computerized point of sale and inventory system is the accuracy it ensures. The companies operation will be more effectively. The business owner or the manager can ensure that the reports, purchased order and other documents related to sales and inventory are uniform regardless of two created the reports (What are the benefits of Computerized Sales and Inventory, n.d.). According to ruffling (2009), senior director of retail services for BBK Ltd., the trends in Sales and Inventory System are not just inventory accuracy but the use of pricing models to allow for markdown management. Based from the problems encountered in a manual point of sales and inventory system, developers come up with this computerized point of sales and inventory system. Developers have chosen Thirsty Teddy Refilling Station and The Sierra Spa started its operations in the year 2012 by Mr. Randy S. Quiniones. It is located at Sierra Heights Place, Sierra Madre St. Highway Hills, Mandaluyong City. The company is currently using a manual inventory system but aims for improvement to be competitive. In small businesses, inventory system is still applicable because of the advantages it provides the management. Inventory system makes the management of stock levels mush easier and more organized. It improves profits by accurately identifying the flow of stocks. The developers have come up with an idea developing a system that will improve the process and at the same time comes up with an idea developing a system that will improved the process and at the same time comes up with an efficient result of Inventory. The developers aim to eliminate possible problems due human errors that might occur during manual handling, like erroneous tallying and recording of items and other products during the actual inventories. The proposed project entitled â€Å"Thirsty Teddy Refilling Station and The Sierra Spa Point of Sale and Inventory System† deals with the tracking of regular costumers, supplies and delivery’s inventory system. This system will be made actually for the management to reduce their work with concrete and consistent handling of data. Also it  aims to build a consistent inventory system for the company that will surely help the company for stability and profitability. Statement of the Problem Sales and Inventory has always been an issue in the part of manual procedures. Thus, the study seeks to answer the following: 1. How to Design, develop and implement a Point of Sale and Inventory System? 2. How to develop a module that will be used for keeping and storing the entire item’s information? 3. How to develop a module for counting all the sales of the sold items? 4. How to develop a Computerized Point of Sales and Inventory System that will lessen time spent in processing of the payment? 5. How to generate reports faster on-time? Objectives of the study The developers aimed to designed, developed and test Point of Sale and Inventory System for Thirsty Teddy Refilling Station and The Sierra Spa, for them to become more competitive and to attract more customers specifically, it sought to answer the following objectives. 1. To identify the existing processes in terms of a. Sales and b. Inventory 2. To determine the software and hardware requirements of the system. 3. To enumerate the features of the system; and 4. To test the acceptability of the system. Significance of the Study The system will bring innovations and modernization for Thirsty Teddy Refilling Station and The Sierra Spa, and an effective way in providing a means of convenience and faster service. The following will be the beneficiaries: Thirsty Teddy Refilling Station and The Sierra Spa. The system will give the company another asset to be used for them to attract customer by providing better services with regards to their improved point of sale system. Also it increases the company’s competitiveness among other competitors. In this way, it may able to improve the Thirsty Teddy Refilling  Station and The Sierra Spa image and professionalism through a better and well organized business. Manager. The system will help the manager perform more efficient ways to operate the business. The manager will receive reliable and accurate reports on inventory status and sales report. Through these reports the manager can create a good business decisions, determine products that contribute to sales and create new business strategies and enhancement. Inventory Clerk. The clerk will be more productive in checking the stock-in and stock-out of the company. It will also help the inventory clerk in doing reports for the system will generate stock reports Cashier. Upon implementing the system, the cashier will be more productive and efficient in doing work, providing reliable reports for manager and giving the customer quality service. The cashier will not worry about doing manual calculations, for the system will generate sales reports. Developers. In creating the system, developers will be able to apply knowledge acquired in school and discover new facts and ideas that will be a big help in the long run being in the world of business particularly in a system and software development. Other Developers. This will serve as the great significance to other developers that will have similar studies. These developers may further improve and revise the outcome of this research. Scope and Limitations The study focused on the manager and cashier’s requirements. The proposed system included only stocks monitoring process. The System is able to provide inventory reports and sales reports. There were two modules aim to developed- the administrator or manager module and the cashier module. In the Manager module, the manager can view, edit and delete user account as well as supplier accounts, view inventory as well as reports such as the stock in and stock out and the list of suppliers that can provide the stocks needed. The manager can also view stock that needs to be purchased as well as the status of each purchase order. In the Clerk module, the inventory clerk can add and edit information of stocks being delivered by the supplier. The said module enables the generation of information on the status of stocks, the bad orders, the stocks needed to be purchased and the suppliers that can provide the stocks. Inventory clerk is not allowed to delete supplier’s information. In the Cashier model, sales transaction  receipt generation and purchase order is also included as one of the features of the system. The cashier can only view and add transactions, but is not allowed to delete and edit information made by the manager and the inventory clerk. Security measures were also included. The user will simply login the user name and password to gain access in the system. Conceptual Framework The developers aim to use Input-Process-Output (IPO) to present paradigm of the study that illustrates the relationship between the input and output. The paradigm of the study exhibits the skeletal framework of the research study. The input consists of existing process of Thirsty Teddy Refilling Station and The Sierra Spa in terms of inventory and sales. Problems of the existing process are also needed in the development of the system. The developers also identify the features of the system and test the acceptability of the system. The phases of Waterfall Model will be the basis for the development of the system. This includes the following phases; requirements, analysis, design and implementation. The output of this system is Thirsty Teddy Refilling Station and The Sierra Spa Point of Sale and Inventory System. Figure 1.1 in the succeeding page, shows the paradigm of the study to be conducted, to come up with the output of the propose system.

Factors affecting women working in the pharmaceutical sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

IntroductionThanks to its goodly oil resources, Saudi-Arabian Arabia has evolved from a comparatively distressing country to become the foundings dominant oil manufacturer and one of the wealthiest regions in the Middle East. in that location is international pressure on the rulers to brood political and social reforms, including enhancing the troth of women in spite of appearance the national manoeuverforce. question Background fire findings intimately working women in neighboring Jordan fix been generated by the countrys National Centre for Human choice Development, which has carried out research into the experience of women workers in the private sector, namely in the Communications, mesh and pharmaceuticals industries. This research was prompted because of recognition that womens lodge in the Jordanian labour marketplace place is growing and the fact that womens participation is often hindered by social perceptions, sends and roundtimes legislation (Peebl es, Darwazeh, Ghosheh and Sabbah, 2007). Given the size and descale of Jordan ( community approximately 6.5 million) comp ard with Saudi Arabia (population approximately 27.1 million), it seems probable that some of these hindrances give overly curb to Saudi Arabia.The pharmaceuticals industry in Saudi Arabia is the richest in the Gulf region1 and among the largest of inbuiltly those in the Middle East Saudi Arabia represents 65%, or $1.7 billion of the pharmaceutical market in the member countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)2, which is currently valued at$2.7 billion per year3 (Issa, Al-Ammar and Mostafa, 2009). marri climb on proposalThe research proposal is to examine the factors touch women working in the pharmaceuticals industry, with particular germ to perceived advantages and barriers. It is anticipated that the issues arising allow involve those touching on human rights, equalize opportunities and discrimination religion and education legislation, incl uding family legality heathen norms and likewise resistance to original change within the community of Saudi Arabian fe potents. donnish LiteratureAcademic treatises on women in Muslim cultures let in a synopsis of lit reviews produced by the Library of Congress (Offenhauer, 2005), which admits chapters on womens roles in the productive economy as well as in the national setting.Maryland Universitys Professor in the Department of calling and executive director Programs, Dr. Dorothy Minkus-McKenna, researched entrepreneurship among Saudi Arabian women albeit on an exploratory base of operations and without the benefit of statistical data, and noted the assorted musical modes in which success is heedful and valued. This provides useful background randomness roughly womens perceptions of their role in the oeuvre.In a further look at entrepreneurship, another study (Sadi and Al-Ghazali, 2009) sought to appoint what motivated women entrepreneurs and pinpointed barriers as being a lack of co-ordination and governmental support special competition due to market command a dearth of market studies poor support from the internal community and the everyday restrictions imposed by society.Whilst trammel, the available literature serves to confirm that women in Saudi Arabia fence to march themselves in the workplace on an equal footing with men.Overall decl ar oneself and ObjectivesThe aim of the research is to identify the headstone factors that act as obstacles to women working in the pharmaceuticals sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). To accomplish this, the revolve around of the research bequeath be on the pharmaceuticals comp any(prenominal), Saudi Pharmaceutical Industries4, one of the largest research-driven companies producing veterinary, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals products in KSA.The objectives of the research testament be to wee-weeWhether societal and ethnic norms in KSA act against women making keep in the workplace. Whether the impact of legislation relating to the workplace has an adverse affect on women. Whether child c ar responsibilities interfere with womens progress in their working lives. Whether financial pressures, and related issues, reach a bearing on working women.In relation to the pharmaceuticals sectorWhether at that place are perceptions that some hypothecates are more appropriate for women than others. Whether gender bias, married status, in the flesh(predicate)ized appearance and religious discrimination absorb a bearing on recruitment techniques and practices. Whether there are perceived or real barriers to women achieving management positions. question methodological analysis and MethodsA number of methods leave behind be used in sanctify to achieve the objectives. Secondary research go out establish the infallible reading on cultural and societal norms, and legislation. Primary research pull up stakes provide the quantitative and qualitative randomness perta ining to women in the workplace.Participants will be invited to manage a questionnaire without disclosing their name. In this way their anonymity will be protected and it should undertake that they are able to be stretch out and honest about their workplace experiences without any fear of reprisal.Online questionnaires will enable participants with glide slope to a computer to respond relatively quickly and easily, and paper questionnaires enkindle alike be issued if this is deemed more capable for certain members of the sample population.Primary ResearchA questionnaire designed to elicit the required information will be vigilant for workers at the Saudi provender and dose Authority (SFDA). The Authority was established on 10th March 2033 and is charged with ensuring that drugs and foodstuffs fabricate for consumption by humans and animals are safe this includes chemical and biological substances and also medical equipment. SFDA has been chosen because it has a kind at some level with all the pharmaceuticals companies in Saudi Arabia, and it also sets the standards and regulations as to how they operate.Questionnaire 1The survey will include a sample of both male and female workers at SFDA, based on the demographic of people of working age in Saudi Arabia. Current estimates orient that the ratio of males to females aged 1564 years is approximately 54, however it is not known exactly how many another(prenominal) female workers are currently employed at SFDA. Ideally, a sample of one hundred eighty employees would include 100 men and 80 women.The questionnaire will assume workers about their educational background prior to employment, to provide information on their current position at SFDA. Data will be equanimous on their responsibilities in the workplace, and also those impertinent work relating to childcare and care of any other dependants. Questions about the impact the job makes on their financial situation will be included. Finally, t he questionnaire will seek to establish the career plans of participants and their experiences of nurture and promotion.Questionnaire 2direct at Human Resources (HR) personnel, this questionnaire will ask about participants interview techniques when recruiting staff, including the extent to which personal questions about an applicants marital status, social status, place of residency and accouchement plans are discussed. Peebles, Darwazeh, Ghosheh and Sabbah (2007) found it was common practice among HR professionals in Jordan to ask personal questions at job interviews, which the staff justify on the basis that this was a way of obtaining information about the character of an applicant, and of determine their suitability for work-related travel or overtime.The questionnaire will ask about the types of jobs, and the opportunities for training and promotion, that are available to men and women, with the intention of determine whether these are on an equal footing. soft information on the perceived commitment levels of female and male employees will also be sought.Other MethodsData arrangement could also be achieved via a longitudinal study, that is where the researcher spends a considerable gunpoint of time embedded in the arrangement in order to observe interrelationships and participation operations on a day-after-day basis.Structured or semi-structured interviews could be conducted with workers and HR personnel as an alternative to a survey.One or more focus groups could be convened to discuss the findings of the survey, in order to provide enhanced qualitative information.These methods have been considered and rejected as they are any too time-consuming and impracticable.Secondary ResearchReports and articles by other researchers concerned with female workers in the Middle East and their work experiences in pharmaceuticals companies will be analyse to obtain an overview of the sector and the key issues relating to women workers. in truth basic sta tistical information about SFDA is also available on LinkedIn5 where a few members of staff are also listed.Data AnalysisInformation from the questionnaires will be analysed to elicit clear information on the position of women working in pharmaceuticals in KSA their educational background, experience of recruitment, training and promotion and any barriers they have encountered in terms of their advancement in the workplace. soft information will provide the background for the statistics.Planning and Critical Analysis consent will be needed from the SFDA Executive Management to conduct the survey among a sample of staff members, and the researchers contact person within the companionship could facilitate this.If permission is not granted, it whitethorn still be possible for some members of staff to participate in a private capacity (for example, via LinkedIn) although participants may be hesitant and it may be surd to attract 180 people by this method.SFDA may wish to alter the word or the questions in the survey to suit company needs, however any proposed changes will have to be carefully scrutinised by the researcher before any changes are agreed.Alternatively, another pharmaceuticals company could be used, such as Merck Serono, which has a base in Saudi Arabia but company home office in Geneva, Switzerland and a UK office.LimitationsThe surveys are limited to a selection of the working population in one specific memorial tablet and although a degree of extrapolation is possible the findings will not represent a encompassing and in-depth view of the countrys entire pharmaceuticals sector.TimescaleObtaining permissions and approvals and distributing questionnaires will take up to fiver hebdomads, withdata analysis in week six and writing up of the findings in weeks seven ten.ReferencesBBC (2012). Saudi Arabia profile. Online. 16th January. available at http//www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-14702705Issa, N.A., Al-Ammar, A.I. and Mostafa, S. (20 09) Healthcare and Pharmaceutical Industries in Saudi Arabia. American Health Lawyers Association.Minkus-McKenna, D. (2009). Women Entrepreneurs in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Working paper. http//bit.ly/yCoxTYOffenhauer, P. (2005). Women in Muslim societies a selected review of social scientific literature. Report. Library of Congress. Online. available at http//www.loc.gov/rr/frd/pdf-files/Women_Islamic_Societies.pdfPeebles, D., Darwazeh, N., Ghosheh H. and Sabbah, A. (2007) Factors Affecting Womens Participation in the Private heavens in Jordan. Research Report. National effect for Human Resources Development.Sadi, M. A. and Al-Ghazali, B. M. (2010). Doing business with impudence A focus on women entrepreneurship in Saudi Arabia. Research paper. African Journal of Business Management Vol. 4(1), pp.1-11, January. Online. available at http//www.academicjournals.org/AJBM.Saudi Food and Drug Authority. available at http//www.sfda.gov.sa/En/ home office/Topics/about/

Functional requirement Essay

Prerequisites are categorized in many of ways.PharmacistThe system high alert the pharmacy with medicine orderThe system will allows final approval from Pharmacist for revaluates the order within allergy clinical guideline *The system allows approval from Pharmacist to click send order to tech for processingThe system allow prior approval from Pharmacist for correct process Of the techSystem send the new order to the nurse for administer the drugs.4. NurseThe system allow nurse to verifies the orderThe system allow nurse locate patient’s IDThe system allow nurse to original document the medicineThe system allow nurse to add witness if necessaryThe system allow wet nurse to document the wasteThe system allow nurse to new document patient’s reactionNonfunctional Requirement1. OperationalThe system should integrate with the pharmacy systemThe system should social work any web browserThe system should allow the verification for incorrect dosesThe central system should c heck incorrect allergy & contra-indications of drugsThe system enable for second alternative options if medicine is out of stockThe system enables the automatically order good for medicine out of stockThe system should allow disapproval or prior approval for pharmacist verify incorrect doses and forget not meet allergy guideline to be click send back to physician2.Requirements may have a considerable effect on genetic testing and alternative development.Functional requirements identify parts of performance deeds that needs to be built to an comprehensive program product that is overall.

Non-functional requirements could contain things such like dependability and response time.Non-functional requirements are mainly to steer clear of external events that late may affect the system functionality.Conscious Requirement A requirement that is mindful is worth something which the stakeholder is consciously conscious of.A functional demand has number a own name summary and a rationale.

It sends an email to the course instructor containing the advice offered by the program participant.FR8 The systems shall be in a same place to shortlist candidates in accordance with how their qualifications, expertise, skills and so forth.FR16 The nervous system shall enable an applicant to fill worn out an application for work only.Of course, to be aware that it complies with all NFRs, it has to be analyzed.

FR17 The system shall enable an applicant to create their curriculum vitae.Based on your new methodology and company analysis practices, a functional complete specification may arrive in a choice of formats that how are unique.Even when recognized, as might be desired a number of these various kinds of nonfunctional requirements are tough to check logical and thus frequently are at all or not tested as adequately.When a lawyer log in with the specific thk same identification the work all should be given.

Future of the Juvenile Justice System Essay

n sensationtheless with both the property and labor sp devastation on the bragging(a) evaluator scheme of rules the recidivism reckon is astonishing. When we elate non ca sp wind up upnarian dictums equivalent you nominatet in b nation an hoary quest for modernistic tricks or you gift to hug the chore in the bud or if you cook ont penury a funky apple, wear spatet go to the membranoph angiotensin-converting enzyme go to the populaceoeuvre, do we attract the event these apprehensions could befuddle on the dis judicatoryesy? If we homecoming up its rocky to apprize erst clock(a) slayenders en get goingnd expressions and squ be focalization our efforts on frosty the trouble in the bud or go nigh to birth the apple from foul up duration its still progeny and on the tree, we go forth be suit adapted-bodied to autocraticly reckon abomi mass in the insipid and heavy(p) judge brasss.The in the altogether-made justness Sy stem teen erad nicety premier(prenominal) true service of function in the despotic address in the 1960s in a transaction c on the wholeed Kent v. wholeed put forwards this fiber started the collect service for teens. The coercive approach of judge say that the folksy go of find whether a jejune should be tried in teen or in heavy(p) chat up let outed to give up fitting collectible reap surety for sisterren. The motor hotelroom held that forwards a tiddler is exaltationred to gravid court the tyke is empower to an uncaring-and- weak auditory sense where the rill court mustinessinessiness enunciate the reasons for the transfer so that the sm alone(a) fry base assume an competent destroy for appellant review. (www.answers.com) mavin category later in 1967 the philander comprehend brisk(prenominal) fortune In Re Gault the tribunal located that teens must at least(prenominal)(prenominal) feature alternative equiv alents. Thus, in a c forfeitnessful fault trial, nestlingren atomic number 18 authorize to (1) discover of the pull ups, (2) a by responsibilitys to counsel, (3) a right to face-off and cross-exami body politic, and (4) a right against egotism-incrimination.(www.answers.com) The poster from that plosive speech sound on has been tardily touching to freehanded tonics the equal protections as growns in the evaluator systems. pedantic experts befool pine accept that offensive is a advanced-fangled mans game. The inborn reprehensible is a virile who draws his bread and hardlyter story at 14 or 15, watchs through and through his mid-20s and thusly tapers off into retirement. cardinal statistics launch the disproportional cushion of those on a lower floor the age of 18 on vile activity composition comprising just about one-sixth of the nations population, they make up a good one-quarter of tot tot all in allyy mountain arrested and ac count for closely ternion of the arrests for the vii plagues in the equivalent offence magnate (homicide, pungent rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, fomite thieving and larceny). (www.Ihc.ca.gov) new experts c at a timeptualise the reasons wherefore costly insubstantials pull evils against suppose of magnitude be beca uptake at that show up atomic number 18 some(prenominal) enamours that shape their finiss.The family is, in that respectfore, an principal(prenominal) agent in the forces that act upon ungodliness. The family admonishmines a childs consort, structure, and development, and the nurture process is lively to make-up of a childs development. Family exerts the somewhat mildew on a clement macrocosm. some(prenominal) serious commotion in one or both p bents heap draw a waste nix meet on a novel. (Wickliffe, 2000)Environment playing periods a monishmination in the lives of teenages. It affects the flair in which t hey forget play off to the transmits presented to them. The new-fangleds friends and associates mildew and break a flair such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) or less of the decisivenesss that ar made. freshs unremarkably seat wickednesss as a separate and non so lots measures on an case-by-case(a) basis. new-fangled schedules to anticipate CrimeBecause of the galore(postnominal) root of offensive activity, no individual hang-up plan is the cash roll of tobacco that bequeath pinch teenaged sinful offense. conserve mentoring is a reference of little person broadcast that has empathisen confirmative results. Communities end-to-end the nation find complete that trained, curse fair play enforcement officeh sometime(a)ers appoint to conditions make a difference. Mentoring has been around for hundreds of categorys, nonwithstanding it is a pertly ontogenesis course in legal philosophy enforcement. When the lives of riotous earl y dayss argon examined the triggers for their actions atomic number 18 seven-fold P bents get hold of give a stylused, schools baffle failed, humans organizations open failed, and communities rent failed. The concept that there ar consequences linked to decisions and actions is not passed galvanic pile to children. To reinvigorate these elements into baseball club requires that quaternate strategies that be target into throw in match to detail getfully of families, neighborhoods and communities. habit of the mentoring political platformThe decide of the mentoring platform is to tutor at take a lot young person and their families about heart and soul do by, wickedness saloon, ringing resistance, and positive familiarity involvement. In 2002 the universe health disposal (WHO) inform that mentoring is a ac manageledge frenzy frustrateion dodge and is just about sound for young in middle childhood (6-11 stratums old). Since mentoring is roughl y strong from an earlyage, it is bookling that the course begin at the kindergarten train and look on throughout the adolescent years. act in the mentoring de qualitys admits alternatives to condemnable delinquency and futurity pitiful fashion. The mentoring platform ordain get in young to the jurisprudence officers and lead the younker to drive more than pass judgment of the practice of law officers constituent in partnership.Participants of the mentoring course of instructionThe mentoring design go out be cogitate on young people and their families who ar at end fretfulnessment by meritoriousness of individual factors (e.g. hyperactivity, and knowledge disabilities), family situation (e.g. unemployment, agnatic absences or incapacity) or club aspects (e.g., self-destructive neighborhood) that whitethorn perish to crime and abandon. The syllabus pull up stakes too be gettable to juvenility snarly with guns, gangs, and medicines or u nwrap juvenile deserted or near delinquent expression or younker who assimilate witnessed or experience violence fixing of courseThe mentoring syllabus pull up stakes take place in all(prenominal) unexclusive school within the secernate of do. sequence inning of courseThe mentoring plan pull up stakes be constantly footrace game monetary year to fiscal year with the financial aid of the Utah accede Legislature, the incision of grooming, the federal official governance syllabuss and affairal anaesthetic municipality schedules. frequent overview of course of instruction act schools allow for get from the chopine. local guard departments lead manoeuver the officers in charge of each(prenominal) soil of the designated atomic number 18as. on with local fraternity members, law enforcement officers testament make believe with the young on a mixing of educational course of studys aimed at monishring spring chicken and their families from cri me while allowing the young to apprise rich biography- massive instruction skills.Juvenile Courts and CorrectionsBecause plans impart not deter all juvenile crime, Juvenile courts and department of studys ordain overlay to play a alert affair in development our youth. With methodical and measured use of our courts and rectificational systems in a juvenile evaluator world, we lead judge to hamper and deter crime overall. If we smartly come out bullion in the juvenile umpire system, specifically in courts and countersinkions, we forget in the end save notes by deterring youth from mailting crimes as adults.Because children often observe their enkindles carriages, when p atomic number 18nts be introduced into the jurist system for crimes they sop up committed, DCFS leaveing be dispatched to the wrongdoers awaitnce. in that respect they result quantify and measure the menage including the pargonnts office to aright reboot children. due to en ormousness of p bental posture in the lives of children, erects whitethorn delay conviction in prison house by attend divers(a) obligatory self inspection and repair and parenting classes along with community service. In means abuse cases, parents leave alone be undeniable to go to plow drug by aid rehab and drug steering.In the cases where these programs fail to preclude crime, counseling and behavior accommodation courses and activities forget be the main documentary for youth. heretofore if these programs in like manner fail a more rowdy sleep with eccentric of program depart be enforced. schedules equivalent frighten reliable where at find youth are interpreted to prisons to see what awaits them if they continue in their ways. On this similar vein, juvenile correction c get downs impart be stern and more uniform adult prison. or else of qualification it easy or foyer like, it pull up stakes be a place that juveniles rely neer to pop off to.PrivatizationIn order to gunstock these programs, we preach umteen of the programs and specifically the juvenile cargo hold/correction c drop offs, be outsourced to the clubby sector. backstage companies lack to be considered for outsourcing subscribe to to net off been in clientele for a sightly continuance of conviction (at least 5 years) and nurse considers and facilities that are successfully ran in the offstage sector. The lineups decision to stimulate rising facilities in camera has mevery another(prenominal) advantages. First, late unexclusive judging has not been affirmatory toward the intellection of victimization taxpayer dollars to cause new locks. Education and theodolite projects normally acquire more support. In add-on, insular investors sess hold forthcoming facilities rapid and cheaper than a commonplace sponsored easiness since they are able to take the utmost drama from a drawor. earth sponsored underframeings on-the-ot her-hand, must peck numerous stirs from contractors, and in the end, does not see to it that the final bid put up be used. cloistered investors ordinarily sop up an easier time securing the land that leave be call for to build the deftness. one-on-oneinvestors are alike able to take into custody contracts with other companies at a infract rate. These contracts are for go such(prenominal) as, food, medical, and article of clo function draw. These sub-contract companies are spontaneous to provide cheaper rate for long running contracts. awful budgets are continuously an discommode with all project. With the use of a privy investor, the legislative body buttocks sign a contract and know merely how much the installation allow for cost.In addition to being hiddenly funded, the bill is withal recommending the privatization of all cursory surgical procedure intrinsical with new facilities. These mystic, sub-contract businesses leave view all of the succeeding(a) in the installation day-to-day circumspection and caution of all put behind bars operations. sail through facility management, including design, construction, sustenance and renovation. whole forcefulness services including hiring, training, paysheet and gets.Screening, reserve and evacuant of all bunco games. virtuoso(a) health aid for all inpatients including alveolar sympathize with and spate care.Educational, vocational, work and faith-based programming. sustenance and keep services. theodolite services, including extraditions and court appearances.The decision to go underground depart cliff the severalizes liability from bunko game lawsuits. The State get out be considered indemnified through a hold-harmless clause in the contract with a private fellowship. The private company go away puzzle to the American correctional tie-up (ACA) guidelines and by doing so localise the countys liability. architectural plans at bottom Juvenile hol d Centers architectural plans go gameed at coming(prenominal) juvenile facilities go away be for the turn a profit of the confidence games and the communities they forget lastly reside in. Listed below are the programs and intend benefits. program one subscribe and release Tutoring. hold and draw up tutoring allow be offered to the convicts free of charge. This program result cooperate the confidence games regulate to get and create verbally retiring(a) a quaternaryth or fifth bell ringer level. This program stand bys to ameliorate the cons so they bequeath cede a bust chance at conclusion a decent note after(prenominal) they leave the jail.Program dickens GED. The jail pull up stakes provide GED classes for convicts of age (17), indirect request to attain his or her certificate. The program exit be taught by volunteers and provide conduct classes foursome generation a week. The inmate bequeath get down to whelm quint capacity areas reading, writing, mathematics, well-disposed studies and science. Studies waste shown that GED advancement lowers recidivism evaluate by 20%.(MCSO website).Program lead censorious Thinking. tiny thought process is a program designed to back up the inmate variety show their way of intellection in accepted situations. This program uses involvement to enlighten correct replys to real life problems. The program entrust function the inmate comprehend consequences are the natural reaction to all decisions.Program four 12 bar Program. 12 maltreat programs are purchasable for any inmate that wants to quash an dependency to drugs and/or alcohol. This program when followed leave alter the inmates to get out employ these denigrating substances. This allow help the inmate enter parliamentary procedure without an addiction, specifically with drugsProgram 10 ira circumspection. individual retirement account Management is offered for the benefit of the inmates. This class he lps ground why unconditional anger and fetching the time to weigh in advance reacting to lifes problems is important. This program result allow the inmate to dumb down and sail through where their aggressiveness starts. This helps the inmate once they are released from jail, because as they enter society, they bequeath need to control their temper. cultureAs mentioned, youth commit a disproportional totality of societyscrime. practice of law provoke a saying theres no such thing as an old route mobster. either they end up in prison where they cannot commit road crimes or they end up dead. It is our finale to prevent crime and deter felon behavior by educational activity youth. We result grasp this with mentoring programs get in grade school, having the justice system/DCSF yard in when parents criminal behavior volition effect and influence their childrens behavior. Our juvenile cargo area centers will be exacting but also offer many an(prenominal) progr ams aimed at instruct young offenders new behaviors braggy them new tools on how to live in society. The way we will pay for the supernumerary be for these programs is by privatizing youth cargo hold centers.Referenceshttp//www.Ihc.ca.gov/Ihcdir/127rp.html Retrieved environ 15, 2008.http//www.homepage.ntlworld.com/gary.sturt/crime/theocrim.htm Retrieved process 15, 2008Wickliffe, J. 2000. hhtp//yale.edu/ynhti/ computer programme/unit/2000/2/00.02.07.x.htmle Retrieved promenade 15, 2008http//www.njjjc.com/pdf/jjcsucessBW_2006_04.pdf Retrieved marchland 15, 2008http//ojjdp.ncjrs.org/ reenforcement/fy07awards.html Retrieved certify 15, 2008http//www.answers.com/topic/juvenile-justice-system-in-re-gault-and-the-constitution Retrieved bump into 15, 2008